An Analysis of Performance Trends in the Replacement Tire Market Following European Automotive Environmental Regulations

Jeongin Seo･Youngseok Jang･Ghiyoun Lee (Hyundai Motor)

In Europe, environmental regulations for vehicles have become increasingly stringent. These regulations directly impact tires, targeting key performance indicators such as rolling resistance and external noise. As a result, vehicle manufacturers are setting higher development targets for their tires. However, as tires are consumable products, they require periodic replacement. Therefore, it is necessary to verify whether the performance of replacement tires in the consumer market is keeping pace with these stricter regulations. For this study, data on commercially available tires were collected from the consumer market over a four-year period. The results show that the average rolling resistance of replacement tires improved by 11%, while noise levels remained stable. Additionally, the market share of tires with a larger outer diameter increased by 13.7%. This improvement in rolling resistance can likely be attributed to Regulation (EU) 2019/631.

IRIS - IDIADA's Regulatory Information System
-Managing Regulatory Complexity of Global Automotive Legislation-

Maria Jose Asensi･Enric Porta･Nagore Aviles･Pietro Lumare (Applus IDIADA)

IRIS is a powerful digital platform that delivers structured, reliable, and up-to-date regulatory technical knowledge for the automotive industry. Developed by Applus+ IDIADA's Homologation department, IRIS provides permanent access to worldwide vehicle regulations and offers a seamless, user-friendly experience designed to support certification teams, regulatory experts, and automotive professionals in their daily decision-making. Permanent access to 4,000+ up-to-date worldwide automotive industry regulations Dynamic and customizable Regulatory Technical Attributes Comparison Tool First-hand interpretations on automotive industry laws and regulations Participation in the rulemaking process Dynamic timeline tool with integrated filters With more than 4,000 current and upcoming global regulations available, IRIS ensures users always have the right information at the right time, all within a unified and intelligent interface.

The DCAS Bridge: Understanding Regulatory Progression from Traditional ADAS to Full Automotive Automation

Carlos Lujan･Oriol Flix･Nadia Martinez (Applus IDIADA)

The automotive industry is experiencing evolution in driving automation systems, necessitating comprehensive understanding of regulatory progression from Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) under UN Regulation No.79 to Driver Control Assistance Systems (DCAS) per UN Regulation No.171, and ultimately to Automated Driving Systems (SAE Levels 3-5). This paper analyzes this evolutionary pathway, emphasizing DCAS as critical bridging technology between current ADAS and autonomous vehicles. The study examines regulatory distinctions differentiating automation levels, focusing on paradigm shifts in driver responsibility and system accountability. Research identifies regulatory framework gaps and proposes harmonization recommendations, addressing verification and validation challenges for automated vehicle deployment.

Beyond Four Wheels: UN Regulation No. 155 Implementation in Light Mobility Vehicle Cybersecurity

Carlos Lujan･Oriol Flix･Nadia Martinez (Applus IDIADA)

UN Regulation No.155 represents a pivotal advancement in automotive cybersecurity, establishing mandatory vehicle protection frameworks. This paper analyzes its adaptation to light mobility vehicles—motorcycles, tricycles, and quadricycles—undergoing rapid digital transformation through connectivity and assistance systems. Light vehicles face unique cybersecurity challenges: limited computational resources, space constraints, and distinct threat vectors from exposed rider interfaces. Manufacturer CSMS implementations vary significantly, particularly in threat assessments for handlebar displays, navigation systems, and vehicle-to-vehicle communications. Research examines regulatory evolution, manufacturer compliance strategies, and certification adaptations. Findings highlight the regulation's flexibility while identifying needs for vehicle-specific guidance in updates and supply chain management.

Challenges and Solutions to EU Battery Passport Regulation Compliance for Asian Economic Operators

Subhajeet Rath･Sjoerd Rongen･Avedis Dadikozyan･Erik Hoedemaekers･Steven Wilkins (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO))

This paper examines the practical and technical challenges Asian economic operators face in complying with the EU Battery Passport regulations. It analyzes high-level regulatory implications and outlines optimal IT/IoT architectures for capturing and managing battery lifecycle data. Key concerns such as data access, interoperability, cybersecurity and dynamic synchronization between the Battery Management System (BMS) and cloud platforms are addressed. Based on findings from pilot demonstrations, the paper provides recommendations for collaborative solutions within the battery ecosystem to ensure a scalable, regulation-compliant implementation of battery passports.