Development of A λ=1 Turbocharged Direct Injection Hydrogen Engine

Kenjiro Nakama･Kei Yoshimura･Naoto Watanabe･Yutaro Usui (Suzuki Motor)･Kapus Philipp･Poetscher Peter･Kapus Paul (AVL List)

A turbocharged direct injection hydrogen engine, offering power performance equivalent to gasoline, was developed, and evaluated both on test benches and in vehicles. This engine features λ=1 combustion and possesses durability and emissions performance comparable to mass-produced gasoline engines. Vehicle testing clearly demonstrated its ability to meet the latest emissions regulations.

Commercial Hydrogen Engines: Methodologies for rapid mechanical development and validation

Anton Arnberger･Gottfried Lurf (AVL List)･Peter Grabner･Michael Schneider (Technical University Graz)

Hydrogen engine development faces critical challenges to ensure robust and reliable performance in real-world applications. Adequate lube oil selection is key, as it influences combustion stability and long-term engine performance. An advanced lube oil screening method allows early-stage testing of long-term effects, such as increased oil consumption due to wear. Optimizing oil formulations and engine boundary conditions for controlled pre-ignition can offer significant benefits. Additionally, managing high water condensation in the crankcase under low load and cold conditions necessitates a thorough evaluation of ventilation systems and oil strategies. AVL's water accumulation testing provides an effective method for rapid evaluation and optimization.

Hydrogen Combustion Engine : Performance, Fuel Efficiency and Emissions optimisation

Joel Op de Beeck･Badr-Din Lahmoumi･Jezer Costa･Krzysztof Potaczek･Marcos Carvalho-Barreto･Nissrine Harbil･Toshihiko Minami (OPmobility)

The hydrogen internal combustion engine has the potential to bring down the CO2 emissions to zero. The NOx emissions from the engine need to be kept under control to meeting emission regulations. The engine needs to be protected from pre-ignition, whilst maintaining maximum power. Engine efficiency is key to assure range. This study will compare/combine hydrogen combustion with water injection and aftertreatment to find an optimal solution.

Study on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Injection System of Hydrogen and Water for Suppression of Abnormal Combustion in Spark Ignition Hydrogen Engine

Taichi Hiyoshi･Eriko Matsumura･Jiro Senda (Doshisha Univ.)･Keiso Takeda (enable)

Hydrogen does not emit CO2 during combustion, but abnormal combustion is a problem. Therefore, it is necessary to control abnormal combustion. In this paper, we focus on the method of injecting water at the same time as hydrogen injection and fabricate an injector that injects hydrogen in a two-phase flow state with water. Helium was used as a substitute for hydrogen. This paper reports the results of an analysis of the spray characteristics of this injector.

Effects of High Injection Rate on Thermal Efficiency in Low-Pressure Direct Injection Hydrogen Engines

Seiya Yamada (Tokyo City University)･Nobuhiro Shimmura (Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd.)･Masakuni Oikawa･Kotaro Hata (Tokyo City University)･Sekai Miyamoto (Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd.)･Yuji Mihara･Yasuo Takagi (Tokyo City University)

In the previous report it was shown that lowering the hydrogen injection pressure maintained the thermal efficiency level, but it was revealed that an increase in NOx emissions should be caused by longer injection duration. In this study, an injector with a high injection rate was used and effectively suppressed NOx emissions in addition to improving thermal efficiency, achieving a high indicated thermal efficiency close to 50%.