Joint Research on CO2 Reduction between Petroleum Association of Japan
and Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (AOI Project)
-3rd report-

HIDEAKI SUGANO･TAKASHI KANEKO (ENEOS)･HIRONORI SHODAI (IDEMITSU KOSAN)･TAKASHI SANO (Isuzu Motors)･TSUTOMU KIKUCHI (Nissan Motor)･HITOSHI HAYASHI･KATSUHIKO YAMAGUCHI (Toyota Motor)

The Petroleum Association of Japan (PAJ) and the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) are conducting joint research (*AOI project) aimed at reducing CO2 emissions by optimizing the combination of future engine combustion methods and future fuels in anticipation of the market around 2030. This report provides an overview of the AOI project from 2020 to 2024.
*AOI Project; Automobile and Oil Innovation Project

Prediction of vehicle fuel consumption under WLTC driving conditions using AOI Project fuel in dilute/lean combustion

Yasuo Moriyosih (Chiba University)･Fuguon Xu･Zhiyuan Wang･Tatsuya Kuboyama (Chiba Univ.)･Kotaro Tanaka (Ibaraki Univ.)

In this study, the authors evaluated olefin-based fuels and drop-in fuels using a single-cylinder engine. We evaluated thermal efficiency within the range where stable combustion was possible by adding EGR and air from 0 to the maximum value.
Next, we predicted the fuel efficiency of four types of passenger cars (light vehicle N/A, light vehicle T/C, series HV, parallel HV) when the fuel was changed. As a result, it was found that fuel efficiency can be improved by adding olefin-based fuels that burn stably even when EGR or the amount of air is increased, or oxygenated biofuels that improve the octane rating. In particular, it was found that the rate of improvement in fuel efficiency is particularly noticeable in series hybrid (HV) vehicles that operate under specific load and engine speed conditions.

Propagation characteristics of pentene, ethanol, and isooctane premixed turbulent flames

Hiroshi Maeyama･Takato Kataoka･Yugo Yoshikawa･Ekenechukwu Chijioke Okafor･Toshiaki Kitagawa (Kyushu University)

Using pentene as an olefin, ethanol as an alcohol and iso-octane as a paraffin, the each single-component fuel of the turbulent flame propagation and extinction characteristics during stoichiometry and lean combustion were investigated using a constant volume combustion apparatus. It was revealed that pentene has a higher turbulent burning velocity than other fuels, and that in lean combustion, it does not extinguish even at turbulence intensities that extinguish other fuels.

A Shock-Tube Study on the Dependence of Base Fuels on Ethanol Ignition Suppression

Tomohiro Hamasaki･Ken Satokawa･Ryohei Hirai･Riku Sugiura (Sophia University Graduate School)･Kazuo Takahashi (Sophia University)･Akira Miyoshi (Hiroshima University Graduate School)

Ethanol has high performance not only as a biofuel but also as an octane enhancer. We found through shock tube experiments that the ignition suppression effect of ethanol differs when ethanol is added to base fuels with different components. The chemical interactions between ethanol and each component in the base fuels were discussed using computer simulation based on the detailed reaction model.

Laminar burning velocity of light olefin containing gasoline surrogate fuels with oxygenated fuel addition

Yuki Ito･Kento Masui･Taku Mizutani (Osaka Metropolitan University)･Fugo Kawanishi (Osaka Prefecture University)･Hidefumi Kataoka･Daisuke Segawa (Osaka Metropolitan University)

The laminar burning velocity of light olefin containing gasoline surrogate fuels with oxygenated fuel addition were measured using a spherical vessel method. The laminar burning velocity of the surrogate fuel increased with increasing 1-pentene rate in the fuel. Adding ethanol to gasoline surrogate fuels increased laminar burning velocity and adding ETBE decreased laminar burning velocity.

Fuel Property Effects of Paraffinic Fuels on Combustion and Exhaust Emissions Characteristics of a Heavy-Duty Compression Ignition Engine

Byungju Shin･Toshiaki Shinozaki･Noboru Uchida (New A.C.E Institute)

Appropriate fuel properties can be expected to improve thermal efficiency and exhaust gas emissions, compared to conventional diesel. However, the effects of each fuel property on compression ignition combustion and emission characteristics have not yet been revealed, as fuel properties react on each other and hard to be modified separately. Evaluating the effects of fuel properties separately could help in designing preferable fuels for a future carbon-neutral society. This study investigates the mechanism of combustion variation through the engine combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics with paraffinic fuels having different properties.